关于“垃圾分类”的英文说法主要有五种：trash sorting/ garbage sorting/ waste sorting/ trash separation/ garbage classification。
Newshub、technode媒体使用的是“trash sorting”
Reuters（路透社）、BusinessDay（《纽约时报》商业版）媒体使用了“trash separation”
彭博社的Bloomberg Opinion使用了“waste sorting”
而中国官媒大多采用了“garbage sorting”和“garbage classification”这种表达
垃圾分类 waste sorting/garbage sorting/classification
有害垃圾 hazardous waste/ harmful waste
可回收物 recyclable waste
湿垃圾 household food waste
干垃圾 residual waste
厨余垃圾 kitchen waste
无废城市 no-waste cities/waste-free cities
固体废物 solid waste
生活垃圾 domestic garbage
湿垃圾：菜叶 橙皮 葱 鱼骨 西瓜皮 蛋壳 甘蔗 辣椒 豌豆皮
Household food waste: vegetable leaf, orange peel, onion, fishbone, watermelon rind, eggshell, sugarcane, pepper, pea peel;
干垃圾：旧浴缸 坏马桶 旧水槽 化妆刷 坛子 海绵 花生壳 菜板 卫生纸 陶瓷碗 一次性筷子 坏的花盆 木质梳子 湿垃圾袋 扫把
Residual waste: old bathtub, bad toilet, old flume, cosmetic brush, earthen jar, sponge, peanut shell, chopping board, toilet paper, ceramic bowl, one-off chopsticks, bad flowerpot, wooden comb, wet garbage bag, broom;
有害垃圾：电池 打火机 油漆 过期药片 蓄电池 医用棉签 香水瓶 废弃灯泡 煤气罐
Harmful Waste: battery, lighter, paint, expired tablet, accumulator, medical cotton swab, perfume bottle, waste lamp bulb, gas cylinder.
可回收物：塑料瓶 食用罐头 易拉罐 垃圾桶 旧书包 塑料梳子 牙刷 纸盒
Recyclable Waste: plastic bottles, edible cans, zip-top can, ash-bin, old schoolbag, plastic combs, toothbrush, cartons
最后参考范文再来一篇！
背下来！
Confronted with the growing garbage output and deteriorating environment, Chinese government spares no effort in implementing the policy of garbage classification. Garbage sorting means dividing garbage into recyclable and unrecyclable, and requires people to sort out waste materials which may be directly used for the production of organic fertilizers, building materials, fuel oil, metal recycling and other aspects.
面对日益增长的垃圾产量和日益恶化的环境，中国政府不遗余力地推行垃圾分类政策。垃圾分类是指将垃圾分为可回收和不可回收两类，要求人们对可直接用于生产有机肥、建材、燃料油、金属回收等方面的废弃物进行分类。
Compared with the traditional way of collecting waste, the new method has brought with it a variety of benefits. First and foremost, wastes are sent to different factories according to their classification rather than landfills, where they would be simply burnt and buried. What’s more, garbage classification not only cuts the spending on treating waste, but generates some handsome interest. Recyclable wastes, such as paper, glass and plastic, can be reused after being processed in related factories, while other wastes can be turned into the valuable. In a word, garbage classification is both vital and necessary to environmental protection as well as our life.
与传统的垃圾收集方式相比，新方法带来了许多好处。首先，垃圾按照它们的不同分类被送到不同的工厂，而不是被送到将垃圾简单焚烧和掩埋的垃圾填埋场。此外，垃圾分类不仅减少了处理垃圾的开支，还产生了一些可观的利益。可回收的废物，如纸张、玻璃和塑料，可在相关工厂加工后再利用，可以变废为宝。总之，垃圾分类对环境保护和我们的生活都是至关重要的。
In my personal opinion, I maintain that it is imperative for our citizens to support garbage classification and strictly abide by the classification system. Government should take effective action as soon as possible, such as popularizing the awareness of garbage classification in the whole society, especially in primary and secondary education. With these measures taken, our society would be more harmonious, and we, as individuals, embrace more promising future.
从我个人角度而言，我认为我们的公民必须支持垃圾分类，严格遵守分类制度。政府应尽快采取有效措施，比如在全社会尤其是中小学教育中普及垃圾分类的意识。有了这些措施，我们的社会将更加和谐，我们也将拥抱更有希望的未来。
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